This article deals with the communicative and discoursive aspects of grammatical synonyms in the modern English language. Grammatical synonymy is a complex linguistic phenomenon and manifests itself at different levels of language. In English, syntactic synonymy is more common than morphological synonymy. At the syntactic level, synonymy occurs between various syntactic constructions, non-finite forms of verbs, verbal constructions, and subordinate clauses. Grammatical synonyms in English usually arise within context. However, there are also grammatical synonyms that can be used out of context.

The use of grammatical synonyms in English depends on a number of pragmatic, discoursive, and linguistic factors. Pragmatic factors such as reference, presupposition, implicature, and inference are presented in this article. Each of them performs a specific function and serves text coherence. In modern English, grammatical synonyms perform a number of discoursive functions. Such functions as coherence, cohesion, background, foregrounding, and topicalization are presented in the article. Grammatical synonyms actively participate in the creation of coherence and integrity between paragraphs and text passages within the text.

Synonyms and grammatical synonyms are chosen depending on the communicative intention of the speaker in the process of communication, the author's assessment of the specific situation. The further choice of the synonymous line depends on the discoursive strategies. Since most grammatical synonyms are synonymous only within the context, their role in the communication process is undeniable. Grammatical synonyms first arise in the process of communication and later enter the language system.

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